The Classical Theories that are still in use today are the following:
Rational Choice Theory
Routine Activities Theory
(AKA Lifestyle Theory)
Situational Choice Theory
Classical Deterrence Theory
These theories affect policy making by enabling statutes to be written to counter criminal activities to reduce crime levels. Also, by doing research and applying these theories statistical reports are compiled to reflect areas that have low and high levels of crimes. Because of results gathered other theories may be used in conjunction to deal with high levels of crime. Mostly these theories are utilized to study variations in crime from the past to present to modify methodology in dealing with these changes in commitance of crimes.
Punishment is used within Neoclassical Criminology to support the principle of retribution. Also, supporters of retribution view the primary utility of punishment as revenge and are based on moral basis and see punishment as vindication of someone getting their just deserts. Further, punishment is used as a deterrent tool (negative reinforcement) and offenders who commit crimes deserve the punishment based on the type of crime and severity of crime committed.
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