Investigative Strategies
in Alleged Child Abuse
by
Ms. Felicia McCaw
Ms. Felicia McCaw
Child Welfare
I. Investigative Strategies in Alleged Child Endangerment
II. Reports of Alleged Abuse of a Child
A. Physical Abuse, Abuse of any nature from Non-Family member, Sexual Abuse
B. Evidence of Child Abuse, Physical State – bruises, contusions, broken bones, Cuts, Burns, Emotional State.
C. Behavioral Patterns Studied
D. Hospitalization of a Child reflecting Severe Injuries
E. Death of a Child
III. Child Safety Priorities and Emphasis on Prevention
IV. Physical, Emotional and Psychological Examination of Child
A. Medical Examination
B. Physical Examination – Outward Appearance
C. Conduct of Test to Evaluate Emotional Levels when Interacting
D. Psychological Evaluation for Mental Trauma
V. Place of Endangerment and Recommend Procedures to Remove
A. Conditions – Surrounding Environment
B. Drug Home
C. Meth Labs
D. Abandoned Homes/Empty Buildings
E. Living in the Streets or Alleys
VI. Removal of Children from Dangerous Conditions Additional Procedures
VII. Child Protective Services Intervention Assistance
A. Time Frame of Response to Maltreatment Report
B. Investigative Steps to Follow
C. Safety of Child Number One Priority
D. Adjudicatory Hearing Held
E. Court Order Disposition
VIII. Parental Rights are Challenged to Retain Custody of Child
IX. Designated Positioning of Child in Foster Care, Juvenile Intake or Lodged with Relatives
X. Investigative measures regarding child welfare and child abuse reveal flaws on the State and National Levels
XI. Brief Review and Closing of Case
Investigative Strategies in Alleged Child Endangerment
State of Michigan
(With some reference to other states and counties)
Reports of alleged abuse of a child (children) may come in from private sources (friends, neighbors, association) and reported to the Law Enforcement of the appropriate county with a follow up call to the Child Protective Services of Michigan. The Child Protective Services will arrive at the scene and physically inspect the child for evidential abuse (Physically – bruises, broken bones, contusions; Emotional State – rocking, crying, staring; Behavioral Patterns – Clasping of hands over head, ears, eyes, non-communicative, sullen, angry and hostile, dilated pupils, breathing rapidly – anxiety, refusal of physical contact (possible exploitation sexually – physically examine child’s sexual organs), screaming at the top of lungs. Further examination of child (children) would indicate if the child needs to be hospitalized due to emotional trauma or physically debilitating injuries. If the child is dead or the cause of physical abuse results in the death of a child then the police would arrest the culprit.
Child safety is priority one and emphasis on prevention to ensure the child’s (children) right to safety and protection from unscrupulous parents, strangers and prevention of exposure to dangerous living conditions either home habitation or by adult physical or emotional abuse. When a call is received from a witness of child abuse the Law Enforcement Agency is contacted and a representative from the Child Protective Services is contacted to come to where the child has been abused and if injuries have been inflicted call 911 emergency to send ambulance and attendants to examine child (children).
Ms. Felicia McCaw
Child Welfare Class
Investigative Strategies in Alleged
Child Endangerment
Page 2
To ascertain the physical, emotional, psychological levels of the alleged abused child a medical examination will done to certify if possible sexual abuse has been done by physically examining both the anus, vagina for possible penetration and marks on penis. A physical examination will consist of overall scrutiny for marks of abuse and a conduction of tests will be done to evaluate emotional levels when interacting with alleged abuse child (children) and lastly a psychological evaluation to determine possible mental trauma and extent of damage that may have done. If injuries are of a severe nature and reflect detrimental emotional, physical abuse and severe trauma (psychological) and may be life threatening remove child immediately to expedite and bypass the need for a court order and have child (children) removed to a safe shelter or to the hospital for emergency care.
The conditions surrounding the habitat structure need to be safe, secure and a determination needs to be made if alleged abused child (children) are living in places of endangerment. Further occupancy in a drug home is considered a serious life threat and threatening situation for a child to live due to undesirable exposure to the criminality that ensues with contact with drug dealers, strange individuals who may cause injuries (physically, mentally and emotionally) to a child (children) who live in structure. Meth Labs are also places of endangerment due to the chemical compositions of drugs being manufactured and the possible non-positive effects of drugs mingling in a child’s (children) DNA and causing irrevocable damage. Abandoned homes/empty buildings are a large source of blight in cities where abandoned
Ms. Felicia McCaw
Child Welfare Class
Investigative Strategies in Alleged
Child Endangerment
Page 3
children take shelter, refuge as well as in the streets and alleys to try to survive. Once located these children who are in danger from predators, exposure, starvation are to be removed immediately and placed in safe facilities.
Child Protective Services will intervene and remove alleged abused children from dangerous conditions by contacting the Law Enforcement Agency to get immediate assistance and determine if the situation warrants immediate custodial rights to be secured for the child to be removed immediately. If the situation of maltreatment is a severe nature and substantial evidence indicates that the child is in a life threatening situation investigative steps will commence immediately into the family’s history of whether prior reports of abuse have been filed, records of any hospitalizations, school reports of any bruises, marks, broken bones reported by teachers (check all schools attended), doctors, interview or talk with neighbors (regarding observations – with an objective of compiling a minimum level test of accuracy and verifiable facts of information received with signed documentation certifying its (information received) authenticity.
The safety of a child (children) is the number one priority and securing the levels of protection and wardship in the quickest time frame possible to relay the custody of the child to the State of Michigan and to repudiate temporary custody that Child Protective Services Agency received when the child (children) were removed from an abusive situation. An Adjudicatory Hearing will be held to allow the courts to review evidence and decide whether maltreatment occurred and whether custody will be placed under the continuing jurisdiction of
Ms. Felicia McCaw
Child Welfare Class
Investigative Strategies in Alleged
Child Endangerment
Page 4
the court. The court will issue a decree or disposition which may result in the court determining a separate hearing to be held to decide if children should be removed from custody of parents and parental rights revoked and wardship of child (children) placed and granted to the State of Michigan.
Reviewing the steps put in motion investigative strategies into alleged child abuse there was found problems or issues that affect the local and national level for registering alleged perpetrators and a conflicting theory that it was unconstitutional to compile lists because alleged perpetrators needed the opportunity to defend self first before their name(s) were put on the registry list at both the state and national level. Unfortunately, the procedure has not been established and supposed child abusers have been added to the list before any action of child abuse has been proven and the only way to resolve the issue(s) is to acquire legal assistance. Also, the procedures used should be changed to ensure accuracy and have restrictives to protect those accused but subsequently cleared by ensuring their names are not on the list. As stated once the accused name can be put on the registry list without proof but should be proven and documented by the Child Protective Services and investigated and confirmed without a doubt that child abuse or maltreatment has been done and anyone who has committed the act should be dealt with as mentioned earlier in this report.
After determining if child abuse or maltreatment has been done parental rights are to be denied or revoked forbidding custody of child and the designated positioning of the child (children) in either a foster care, shelter or to be lodged with relatives will be decided upon. After the safe net for the child (children) has been constructed and established the case will be briefly reviewed and then closed.
References
http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/docs/FA/htm/FA.261.htm
http://childwelfare.gov/pubs/factsheets/cpswork.cfm
http://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/factsheets/cpswork.cfm
http://www.state.tn.us/youth/childsafety/whoshouldreport.htm
http://newjerseydyfsdefense.com/trying-a-dyfs-case/david-verses.gol
http://aspe.hhs.gov/hsp/cps-status03/state-policy03/chapter4.htm
http://national levels of child abuse.pdf
www.ndacan.cornell.edu/ndacan/Datasets/Abstracts/DatasetAbstract_NCANDS_Child_File.html
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2010/04/26/national/main6432571.shtml
http://celebrifi.com/gossip/Flaws-found-in-state-childabuse-registries-2430246.html
Thursday, August 28, 2014
Social Work and Sexual Violence...Assignment #12
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #12
Reference: Sage Publications
2003, Vol. 47, No.2, 171-184
1
http://ijo.SagePub.com/content/47/2/171
Dosage of Treatment to Sexual Offenders: Are we prescribing?
Compiled and written by:
Donna L. Mailloux, Jeffrey Abracen, Ralph Serin, C. Cousineau, Bruce Malcolm, Jan Looman
Name of Study
Dosage of Treatment to Sexual Offenders: Are we prescribing?
Literature
The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not the dosage of treatment is over represented. This study serves as an investigative resource to monitor the treatment allocated to sexual offenders. Data included in this investigation is relevant for other jurisdictions that are interested in developing an empirical based system for treating sexual offenders. Therefore, any deductive conclusions contributes to effective treatment of sexual offenders and the correct amount of treatment needed for each sexual offender based on high risk and low risk status.
Consistencies of studies reflect outcomes that accentuate the need to move beyond questions regarding sex offender sex treatment to provide strategic plans for treatment of sexual offenders.
This study investigates the allocation of sex offender treatment to a large group of sexual offenders utilizing the following hypotheses:
Hypothesis 1: Sex offenders attending high-intensity sex offender treatment programs
would have more static criminogenic risk factors than sex offenders attending moderate or low intensity sex offender treatment programs.
Hypotheses 2: Sex offenders in higher intensity sex offender programs would have higher scores
on actuarially based risk assessments than sex offenders attending moderate or
low intensity sex offenders treatment programs.
Hypotheses 3: Sex offenders attending high intensity sex offender treatment programs would
participate in more sex offender specific programs and more programs related to
other criminogenic needs than offenders in low and moderate intensity sex
offender treatment programs.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #12
Page 2
Method Used to Study
The method used included investigative determinants of sex offender treatments participation. Utilizing a sampling gathered from the Ontario region Correctional Services of Canada (CSC)
that provides services to offenders serving sentences over 2 years. Mailloux and Serin found 67% of sex offenders take sex offenders program with completion rate of 86.9%. Further the method conclusively allows the assessment to include a recommendation for a particular intensity of sex offender program (low, moderate, or high).
Measures
Enabling correct measures the files of sex offenders assessed at MAV between 1993 and 1998
were coded for information pertaining to background and criminal history. Risks assessment scores on the Level of Service Inventory (LSI) (Bonta and Andrews, 1993) and the psychopathy checklist revised (Hare, (1991) were taken form MAV files. The Offender Management System (OMS) was utilized to obtain information which is an electronic database containing information related to all offenders under the jurisdiction of CSC.
Results
Based on a study by Malloux and Serin (2001) higher risk offenders attended a greater number of treatment programs (including more sex offender treatment programs), rapists were likely to receive treatment. Utilizing MANOVA the results were significant – Wilks, F (8,594) = 5.75, P<.01; N^2 = .07, this suggest low association between the dependent and independent variables. The univariate tests revealed significant main effects across all variables except number of sexual convictions. A post hoc investigation utilizing Tamhane’s test supports the hypothesis that a low-intensity group had fewer nonviolent convictions than both moderate (mean difference = -7.30, p<.01) and high-intensity (mean difference = -13.11, p<.01) groups. The low-intensity group had fewer nonsexual violent convictions than both the moderate (mean difference = -1.41, P<.01) and high-intensity groups (mean difference = -1.98, p>.01).
The low-intensity group was found to be significantly older than both the moderate (mean difference = 5.31, p<.01) and high-intensity (mean difference = 5.80, p<.05) groups but again no differences between moderate and high-intensity group. ANOVAS were performed instead of MANOVA given the high correlation (r=>83) between the dependent measures. Because of the nature of highly correlated data Tabachnick and Fiddell (2001) recommend the use of univariate tests. The overall ANOVA was significant for both PCL-R, F (2,226) = 18.25, p<.001, N^2 = .14, and the LSI, F (2, 235) = 19.07, P <.001, N^2 = .14. Felicia McCaw SW 314 Assignment #12 Page 3 Also, with the Wilks criterion, the dependent variables were significantly different by intensity, level, F (6, 496) = 4.93, p>.001). A weak effect size was revealed, N^2 = .006. Univariate tests
indicated that there were significant differences between the groups with reference to the number of substance abuse programs F (2,250) = 6.7, p<.01; sex offender programs, F (2,250) = 4.31, p<.05; and cognitive skills programs completed, F (2,250) = 5.0, p<.01.
For substance abuse programs, the low-intensity group took few programs than either moderate (mean difference = -.44, p<.01) or high-intensity (mean difference = -.53, p<.05) groups. No significant difference were found between the moderate and high intensity groups.
For sex offenders programs, both the low intensity (mean difference = -.44, p<.05) and moderate intensity group (mean difference = -.46, p<.05) took significantly fewer programs than the high intensity group. No significant difference between the low and moderate intensity group. For the cognitive skills programs, the low intensity group took fewer programs than the moderate intensity group (mean difference = -.80, p<.01).
Conclusion of the Study
The proposed hypotheses are supported by the study which indicated differences between the three intensive groups reflecting higher scores for the high-intensity group than either of the other groups and the low-intensity group provided evidence of lower scores than the other groups. The POL-R scores reflect that the high risk groups are receiving more intense treatment to prevent recidivism. Further that treatment to low-intensity offenders is being overstated and over administered.
Due to the amount of research regarding dosage of treatment to sexual offenders the study reflects a framework of empirical validated indices that others use a treatment guide that affect decisions regarding sexual offenders.
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
My opinion of the study is that the purpose of supporting the hypotheses and proving a corellational pattern exists and it is interesting and an acceptable idea that those within the high intensity groups do need more treatment than those in low intensity groups. Further that treatments are being overly administered to low intensity groups and should be adjusted accordingly and documented and confirmed.
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #12
Reference: Sage Publications
2003, Vol. 47, No.2, 171-184
1
http://ijo.SagePub.com/content/47/2/171
Dosage of Treatment to Sexual Offenders: Are we prescribing?
Compiled and written by:
Donna L. Mailloux, Jeffrey Abracen, Ralph Serin, C. Cousineau, Bruce Malcolm, Jan Looman
Name of Study
Dosage of Treatment to Sexual Offenders: Are we prescribing?
Literature
The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not the dosage of treatment is over represented. This study serves as an investigative resource to monitor the treatment allocated to sexual offenders. Data included in this investigation is relevant for other jurisdictions that are interested in developing an empirical based system for treating sexual offenders. Therefore, any deductive conclusions contributes to effective treatment of sexual offenders and the correct amount of treatment needed for each sexual offender based on high risk and low risk status.
Consistencies of studies reflect outcomes that accentuate the need to move beyond questions regarding sex offender sex treatment to provide strategic plans for treatment of sexual offenders.
This study investigates the allocation of sex offender treatment to a large group of sexual offenders utilizing the following hypotheses:
Hypothesis 1: Sex offenders attending high-intensity sex offender treatment programs
would have more static criminogenic risk factors than sex offenders attending moderate or low intensity sex offender treatment programs.
Hypotheses 2: Sex offenders in higher intensity sex offender programs would have higher scores
on actuarially based risk assessments than sex offenders attending moderate or
low intensity sex offenders treatment programs.
Hypotheses 3: Sex offenders attending high intensity sex offender treatment programs would
participate in more sex offender specific programs and more programs related to
other criminogenic needs than offenders in low and moderate intensity sex
offender treatment programs.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #12
Page 2
Method Used to Study
The method used included investigative determinants of sex offender treatments participation. Utilizing a sampling gathered from the Ontario region Correctional Services of Canada (CSC)
that provides services to offenders serving sentences over 2 years. Mailloux and Serin found 67% of sex offenders take sex offenders program with completion rate of 86.9%. Further the method conclusively allows the assessment to include a recommendation for a particular intensity of sex offender program (low, moderate, or high).
Measures
Enabling correct measures the files of sex offenders assessed at MAV between 1993 and 1998
were coded for information pertaining to background and criminal history. Risks assessment scores on the Level of Service Inventory (LSI) (Bonta and Andrews, 1993) and the psychopathy checklist revised (Hare, (1991) were taken form MAV files. The Offender Management System (OMS) was utilized to obtain information which is an electronic database containing information related to all offenders under the jurisdiction of CSC.
Results
Based on a study by Malloux and Serin (2001) higher risk offenders attended a greater number of treatment programs (including more sex offender treatment programs), rapists were likely to receive treatment. Utilizing MANOVA the results were significant – Wilks, F (8,594) = 5.75, P<.01; N^2 = .07, this suggest low association between the dependent and independent variables. The univariate tests revealed significant main effects across all variables except number of sexual convictions. A post hoc investigation utilizing Tamhane’s test supports the hypothesis that a low-intensity group had fewer nonviolent convictions than both moderate (mean difference = -7.30, p<.01) and high-intensity (mean difference = -13.11, p<.01) groups. The low-intensity group had fewer nonsexual violent convictions than both the moderate (mean difference = -1.41, P<.01) and high-intensity groups (mean difference = -1.98, p>.01).
The low-intensity group was found to be significantly older than both the moderate (mean difference = 5.31, p<.01) and high-intensity (mean difference = 5.80, p<.05) groups but again no differences between moderate and high-intensity group. ANOVAS were performed instead of MANOVA given the high correlation (r=>83) between the dependent measures. Because of the nature of highly correlated data Tabachnick and Fiddell (2001) recommend the use of univariate tests. The overall ANOVA was significant for both PCL-R, F (2,226) = 18.25, p<.001, N^2 = .14, and the LSI, F (2, 235) = 19.07, P <.001, N^2 = .14. Felicia McCaw SW 314 Assignment #12 Page 3 Also, with the Wilks criterion, the dependent variables were significantly different by intensity, level, F (6, 496) = 4.93, p>.001). A weak effect size was revealed, N^2 = .006. Univariate tests
indicated that there were significant differences between the groups with reference to the number of substance abuse programs F (2,250) = 6.7, p<.01; sex offender programs, F (2,250) = 4.31, p<.05; and cognitive skills programs completed, F (2,250) = 5.0, p<.01.
For substance abuse programs, the low-intensity group took few programs than either moderate (mean difference = -.44, p<.01) or high-intensity (mean difference = -.53, p<.05) groups. No significant difference were found between the moderate and high intensity groups.
For sex offenders programs, both the low intensity (mean difference = -.44, p<.05) and moderate intensity group (mean difference = -.46, p<.05) took significantly fewer programs than the high intensity group. No significant difference between the low and moderate intensity group. For the cognitive skills programs, the low intensity group took fewer programs than the moderate intensity group (mean difference = -.80, p<.01).
Conclusion of the Study
The proposed hypotheses are supported by the study which indicated differences between the three intensive groups reflecting higher scores for the high-intensity group than either of the other groups and the low-intensity group provided evidence of lower scores than the other groups. The POL-R scores reflect that the high risk groups are receiving more intense treatment to prevent recidivism. Further that treatment to low-intensity offenders is being overstated and over administered.
Due to the amount of research regarding dosage of treatment to sexual offenders the study reflects a framework of empirical validated indices that others use a treatment guide that affect decisions regarding sexual offenders.
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
My opinion of the study is that the purpose of supporting the hypotheses and proving a corellational pattern exists and it is interesting and an acceptable idea that those within the high intensity groups do need more treatment than those in low intensity groups. Further that treatments are being overly administered to low intensity groups and should be adjusted accordingly and documented and confirmed.
Social Work and Sexual Violence...Assignment #11
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #11
Reference: ProQuest Psychology Journals
2011, Vol. 19, No.1, 1-6
1
http://0-sehttp://0-search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/psychology/docview/851787634/13A335F1EC41CA32A14/2?accountid=960
ADHD Impulsivity Discipline Referrals, Sexual Harassment, and
Criminal Sexual Deviancy
Compiled and written by:
Janet D. Pittman, M.A.
Name of Study
ADHD Impulsivity Discipline Referrals, Sexual Harassment, and Criminal Sexual Deviancy
Literature
The purpose of this study is to relate that children with impulsive tendencies have a difficult time resulting from the negative attention received and their inability to control their behavior. Subsequently, because of these tendencies of uncontrolled action and possible hitting this can be interpreted as bullying or refusal to follow directions and is labeled as defiance and inappropriate touching can be classified as sexual harassment. The risk of becoming an adult offender is associated by research as related to childhood conduct disorder which involves a persistent behavioral pattern of violating basic rights of others and ignoring age-appropriate social standards.
As related by studies or research conduct disorders often coexist with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorders (ADHD) and levels of impulsivity are related to conduct disorders, anti-social personality disorder and borderline personality disorders which are facets of ADHD. If a disorder like ADHD is broken down and exhibited then this would reflect high similarities of characteristics of ADHD that would cover the prevailing diagnosis. Further, based on the levels of aggression and impulsivity manifested in ADHD this allows referrals coded as sexual harassment when compared to the general student population.
Method Used to Conduct the Study
The study that was used was student self-ratings of their perceived impulsivity and was used to gauge and measure a middle school student population. The target sample consisted of three groups (treatment, control and comparison) with 30 students per group. The random assignment of students to either the treatment or the control eliminated the possibility of systematic differences among the participants.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #8
Page 2
Measures
The study reflects of the 209 students surveyed, 90 students (28 girls and 62 boys) were selected to participate in the study. Ages ranged from 12 to 15 years old, with a mean age of 13.8 years (SD = 0.675). The remaining 149 students who completed the survey (high impulsive group)
were selected using student health records, teacher observations and scores on the self-survey.
High impulse students receive more referrals (75 referrals for the treatment group as compared to 113 referrals for the control group) than low impulsive students (8 referrals).
Results
Based on the study it relayed that impulse students naturally received negative attention from teachers and peers due to behavior exhibited but positive attention and rewards were made available if behavior exhibited was positive. A result of the data analysis further reflects that sexually deviant adolescents have a higher association of ADHD than the normal adolescent population. Also, students with a history of ADHD received 70% of the sexual harassment referrals, a higher percentage than exists in the general school population. Further, the high risk of impulsive students moving into more severe behavior disorders and the justification and use of early intervention preventative programs should continue to be explored to be effective on a short-term and long-term basis.
Conclusion of the Study
Based on the researcher’s acknowledgment a program that focuses on early intervention and positive attention with positive reinforcement of pro-social behavior has an effect on impulsive population that results in better behavior and the need for negative attention diminishes.
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
My opinion of the study is that the relevance of ADHD and impulsivity of students has been established. Also, that discipline referrals are mainly connected to those that have problematic disorders that are concerned with conduct and which are sometimes subsequently related to sexual harassment and criminal sexual deviancy. Further I feel that impulsive behaviors are a pattern of a neurological mis-function and a possible disorder that lacks the incorrect compositional fluid balance in the brain.
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #11
Reference: ProQuest Psychology Journals
2011, Vol. 19, No.1, 1-6
1
http://0-sehttp://0-search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/psychology/docview/851787634/13A335F1EC41CA32A14/2?accountid=960
ADHD Impulsivity Discipline Referrals, Sexual Harassment, and
Criminal Sexual Deviancy
Compiled and written by:
Janet D. Pittman, M.A.
Name of Study
ADHD Impulsivity Discipline Referrals, Sexual Harassment, and Criminal Sexual Deviancy
Literature
The purpose of this study is to relate that children with impulsive tendencies have a difficult time resulting from the negative attention received and their inability to control their behavior. Subsequently, because of these tendencies of uncontrolled action and possible hitting this can be interpreted as bullying or refusal to follow directions and is labeled as defiance and inappropriate touching can be classified as sexual harassment. The risk of becoming an adult offender is associated by research as related to childhood conduct disorder which involves a persistent behavioral pattern of violating basic rights of others and ignoring age-appropriate social standards.
As related by studies or research conduct disorders often coexist with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorders (ADHD) and levels of impulsivity are related to conduct disorders, anti-social personality disorder and borderline personality disorders which are facets of ADHD. If a disorder like ADHD is broken down and exhibited then this would reflect high similarities of characteristics of ADHD that would cover the prevailing diagnosis. Further, based on the levels of aggression and impulsivity manifested in ADHD this allows referrals coded as sexual harassment when compared to the general student population.
Method Used to Conduct the Study
The study that was used was student self-ratings of their perceived impulsivity and was used to gauge and measure a middle school student population. The target sample consisted of three groups (treatment, control and comparison) with 30 students per group. The random assignment of students to either the treatment or the control eliminated the possibility of systematic differences among the participants.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #8
Page 2
Measures
The study reflects of the 209 students surveyed, 90 students (28 girls and 62 boys) were selected to participate in the study. Ages ranged from 12 to 15 years old, with a mean age of 13.8 years (SD = 0.675). The remaining 149 students who completed the survey (high impulsive group)
were selected using student health records, teacher observations and scores on the self-survey.
High impulse students receive more referrals (75 referrals for the treatment group as compared to 113 referrals for the control group) than low impulsive students (8 referrals).
Results
Based on the study it relayed that impulse students naturally received negative attention from teachers and peers due to behavior exhibited but positive attention and rewards were made available if behavior exhibited was positive. A result of the data analysis further reflects that sexually deviant adolescents have a higher association of ADHD than the normal adolescent population. Also, students with a history of ADHD received 70% of the sexual harassment referrals, a higher percentage than exists in the general school population. Further, the high risk of impulsive students moving into more severe behavior disorders and the justification and use of early intervention preventative programs should continue to be explored to be effective on a short-term and long-term basis.
Conclusion of the Study
Based on the researcher’s acknowledgment a program that focuses on early intervention and positive attention with positive reinforcement of pro-social behavior has an effect on impulsive population that results in better behavior and the need for negative attention diminishes.
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
My opinion of the study is that the relevance of ADHD and impulsivity of students has been established. Also, that discipline referrals are mainly connected to those that have problematic disorders that are concerned with conduct and which are sometimes subsequently related to sexual harassment and criminal sexual deviancy. Further I feel that impulsive behaviors are a pattern of a neurological mis-function and a possible disorder that lacks the incorrect compositional fluid balance in the brain.
Social Work and Sexual Violence...Assignment #10
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #10
Reference: ProQuest Psychology Journals
Professional Psychology: Research and Practice
American Psychological Association
2006, Vol. 37, No. 6, 683-693
http://0-search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/psycarticles/docview/614462026/13A192BF724493CA459/18?accountid=960
Integrating Self-Help Into Psychotherapy
Compiled and written by:
John C. Norcross
Name of Study
Integrating Self-Help Into Psychotherapy
Literature
This purpose of this study is to provide 16 suggestions gathered from research literature and clinical experience for integrating self-help into psychotherapy. The definition of self-help is broadened and assesses clients’ self-help histories and offering tangible support in linking clients with self-help. This will allow adjusting the self-help resources to the person and assist clients with difficulties and self-help programs. Further, Americans regularly turn to self-help or alternative treatments because of the delay in conventional treatment.
Method Used to Conduct the Study
The study consisted of 1229 clinical and counseling psychologists and of those 82% recommended their clients to self-help groups in psychotherapy, patients, 85% were recommending self-help books and 45% recommended a film or movie.
Another study utilized 178 school psychologists who used self-help interventions with their clients: 43% used self-help material with 20% or fewer clients, 36% used self-help materials with 20% to 50% of their clients and 21% said they used with half or more.
Measures
The study reflects that self-help is effective and exceeds those of programs in general. The mean effect sizes of self-help are at odds with control conditions and relay .70 to .80 range at post treatment and the .50 to .70 range at follow-up. The effects of self-help versus formal treatment relay that self-help is almost as effective as conventional methods offered. No real extensive details to relay as far as measurements and statistical data.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #8
Page 2
Results
Overall meta-analysis of the self-help program can only aggregate the results and encourage utilizing self-help programs due to their levels of effectiveness. The controlling of the many variables in self-help programs is astronomical and daunting and entails many complexities.
Approximately, 75% of the people of the study reflected that they changed behaviorally and had adjustments to addictive disorders.
Conclusion of the Study
Self-help resources are beneficiary but are not a cure for what ails but is still effective in causing a change. Further, it allows self-help improvement and involvement associated with goal attainment for patients.
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
My opinion of the study is that I support self-help devices or whatever paraphernalia to help bring about effective positive changes. Further, I am glad that I am on the right track because these are the remedies or paths I would take when working with a client.
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #10
Reference: ProQuest Psychology Journals
Professional Psychology: Research and Practice
American Psychological Association
2006, Vol. 37, No. 6, 683-693
http://0-search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/psycarticles/docview/614462026/13A192BF724493CA459/18?accountid=960
Integrating Self-Help Into Psychotherapy
Compiled and written by:
John C. Norcross
Name of Study
Integrating Self-Help Into Psychotherapy
Literature
This purpose of this study is to provide 16 suggestions gathered from research literature and clinical experience for integrating self-help into psychotherapy. The definition of self-help is broadened and assesses clients’ self-help histories and offering tangible support in linking clients with self-help. This will allow adjusting the self-help resources to the person and assist clients with difficulties and self-help programs. Further, Americans regularly turn to self-help or alternative treatments because of the delay in conventional treatment.
Method Used to Conduct the Study
The study consisted of 1229 clinical and counseling psychologists and of those 82% recommended their clients to self-help groups in psychotherapy, patients, 85% were recommending self-help books and 45% recommended a film or movie.
Another study utilized 178 school psychologists who used self-help interventions with their clients: 43% used self-help material with 20% or fewer clients, 36% used self-help materials with 20% to 50% of their clients and 21% said they used with half or more.
Measures
The study reflects that self-help is effective and exceeds those of programs in general. The mean effect sizes of self-help are at odds with control conditions and relay .70 to .80 range at post treatment and the .50 to .70 range at follow-up. The effects of self-help versus formal treatment relay that self-help is almost as effective as conventional methods offered. No real extensive details to relay as far as measurements and statistical data.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #8
Page 2
Results
Overall meta-analysis of the self-help program can only aggregate the results and encourage utilizing self-help programs due to their levels of effectiveness. The controlling of the many variables in self-help programs is astronomical and daunting and entails many complexities.
Approximately, 75% of the people of the study reflected that they changed behaviorally and had adjustments to addictive disorders.
Conclusion of the Study
Self-help resources are beneficiary but are not a cure for what ails but is still effective in causing a change. Further, it allows self-help improvement and involvement associated with goal attainment for patients.
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
My opinion of the study is that I support self-help devices or whatever paraphernalia to help bring about effective positive changes. Further, I am glad that I am on the right track because these are the remedies or paths I would take when working with a client.
Social Work and Sexual Violence...Assignment #9
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #9
Reference: ProQuest Psychology Journals
Professional Psychology: Research and Practice
American Psychological Association
1988, Vol. 19, No. 1, 112-114
http://0-search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/psycarticles/docview/614383747/13A192BF724493CA459/1?accountid=960
Coping Strategies that Psychotherapists use in Working with Stressful Clients
Compiled and written by:
Mary E. Medeiros, James O. Proschaska
Name of Study
Coping Strategies that Psychotherapists use in Working with Stressful Clients
Literature
The purpose of this study is to study the ability to cope for psychotherapists and is based upon subjective data-gathering techniques. The problematic area is the interaction of counselor/therapist and clients and the subsequent stress that goes with this job. As pertains to the stress level six coping strategies are used congruently when dealing with difficult clients with positive results relayed that the coping tactics were successful and is a good practitioner’s guideline.
Method Used to Conduct the Study
The method used to conduct the study consisted of the Demographics and General Information Questionnaire, Stress Questionnaire, Coping Scale, cover letter, business reply envelope constituted a survey questionnaire packet which was mailed to 600 individuals chosen randomly from Division 29 (psychotherapists) of the American Psychological Association.
Measures
The questionnaire consisted of a 28-item Demographics and General Information Questionnaire that was able to rate demographic variables and profession-related variables. The Stress Questionnaire consisted of 17-items used to assess criterion measures of perceived successful coping and client diagnosis. The Coping Scale consisted of 60-items to gather and assess the extent in which particular coping strategies were used by psychotherapists to deal with stress when dealing with a difficult client.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #8
Page 2
Results
Overall the return rate was 41% (n=243) and twenty-one of the returns were inappropriately completed or were returned after the deadline; this resulted in a sampling size of 222 (64% male). The mean age was 45 (SD=11) and the modal number of stressful clients were seen by a sample of 2.0. Approximately 36% of the respondents diagnosed their successful clients as borderline as follows: 12.2% depressed, 9.9% suicidal, 8.6% as psychotic.
The remaining 33.3% included passive, substance abuse, sociopathic, acting out, organic, physically violent, or other diagnosis and approximately half (49%) of the subjects rated their own coping with stress in working with a difficult client as below average and 73% perceived themselves as being somewhat moderately helpful with their stressful clients.
Conclusion of the Study
Therefore based on the study this is established as a study aid to enable psychotherapists to cope with stress that they experience in working with stressful clients. This enabled the resulting information to be relayed that six components were established for self-reevaluation and wishful thinking, humor, optimistic perseverance, seeking social support, seeking inner peace, contingency control and avoidance. Overall, the procedure or process is reflective of whether the stress levels are alleviated or the coping levels are enhanced and supported.
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
The study is interesting because it addresses the question that we all don’t want to deal with and that is the thought that dealing with clients and trying to assist them is pretty much a downside in counseling when it affects you mentally and physically. Coping with stress and finding ways to alleviate and shield self on an individual basis is what is necessary and should be progressively done always.
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #9
Reference: ProQuest Psychology Journals
Professional Psychology: Research and Practice
American Psychological Association
1988, Vol. 19, No. 1, 112-114
http://0-search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/psycarticles/docview/614383747/13A192BF724493CA459/1?accountid=960
Coping Strategies that Psychotherapists use in Working with Stressful Clients
Compiled and written by:
Mary E. Medeiros, James O. Proschaska
Name of Study
Coping Strategies that Psychotherapists use in Working with Stressful Clients
Literature
The purpose of this study is to study the ability to cope for psychotherapists and is based upon subjective data-gathering techniques. The problematic area is the interaction of counselor/therapist and clients and the subsequent stress that goes with this job. As pertains to the stress level six coping strategies are used congruently when dealing with difficult clients with positive results relayed that the coping tactics were successful and is a good practitioner’s guideline.
Method Used to Conduct the Study
The method used to conduct the study consisted of the Demographics and General Information Questionnaire, Stress Questionnaire, Coping Scale, cover letter, business reply envelope constituted a survey questionnaire packet which was mailed to 600 individuals chosen randomly from Division 29 (psychotherapists) of the American Psychological Association.
Measures
The questionnaire consisted of a 28-item Demographics and General Information Questionnaire that was able to rate demographic variables and profession-related variables. The Stress Questionnaire consisted of 17-items used to assess criterion measures of perceived successful coping and client diagnosis. The Coping Scale consisted of 60-items to gather and assess the extent in which particular coping strategies were used by psychotherapists to deal with stress when dealing with a difficult client.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #8
Page 2
Results
Overall the return rate was 41% (n=243) and twenty-one of the returns were inappropriately completed or were returned after the deadline; this resulted in a sampling size of 222 (64% male). The mean age was 45 (SD=11) and the modal number of stressful clients were seen by a sample of 2.0. Approximately 36% of the respondents diagnosed their successful clients as borderline as follows: 12.2% depressed, 9.9% suicidal, 8.6% as psychotic.
The remaining 33.3% included passive, substance abuse, sociopathic, acting out, organic, physically violent, or other diagnosis and approximately half (49%) of the subjects rated their own coping with stress in working with a difficult client as below average and 73% perceived themselves as being somewhat moderately helpful with their stressful clients.
Conclusion of the Study
Therefore based on the study this is established as a study aid to enable psychotherapists to cope with stress that they experience in working with stressful clients. This enabled the resulting information to be relayed that six components were established for self-reevaluation and wishful thinking, humor, optimistic perseverance, seeking social support, seeking inner peace, contingency control and avoidance. Overall, the procedure or process is reflective of whether the stress levels are alleviated or the coping levels are enhanced and supported.
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
The study is interesting because it addresses the question that we all don’t want to deal with and that is the thought that dealing with clients and trying to assist them is pretty much a downside in counseling when it affects you mentally and physically. Coping with stress and finding ways to alleviate and shield self on an individual basis is what is necessary and should be progressively done always.
Social Work and Sexual Violence...Assignment #8
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #8
Reference:
American Psychological Association
2011, Vol. 23, No. 1, 164-173
How Useful Are Indices of Personality Pathology When Assessing
Domestic Violence Perpetrators?
Compiled and written by:
Peter Gibbons, Marjorie Collins and Corinne Reid
Name of Study
How Useful Are Indices of Personality Pathology When Assessing Domestic Violence Perpetrators?
Literature
The purpose of this study is to address the debate about profiling personality pathology when assessing and treating male perpetrators of domestic violence. In support of this study, the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III) is utilized to explore the range and severity and diversity of the male perpetrator personality pathology and possible response bias in a group of domestic violence perpetrator being assessed for the appropriate treatment (N=177). The programs are usually geared toward male participants without referring to differentiating characteristics due to lack of homogeneous qualities. Because of the supposed “sameness” this effectively negates the possibility of running an effective treatment program and results in waste of resources and endangering of co-inmates with whom the perpetrator comes in contact with. Some are diagnosed as premeditated in their violence (anti-social or sadistic personality) whereas others are affectively violent (display characteristics consistent with borderline personality disorder).
Method Used to Conduct the Study
The methodology used to compile and gather input was from 181 participants who were either
self-referred (N=115) or court referred (N=66) to complete a Domestic Violence Intervention Program between 2003 and 2007 at a social service agency in Perth, Australia. The median age was 37.8 years (SD = 9.2) with ages ranging from 18 to 64 years. Prior to entry participants were assessed prior to a 18 week group program.
The MCMI – III (Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory) is used and the MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) both are used to evaluate the levels of prevalence of personality pathology among domestic violent perpetrators.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #8
Page 2
Measures
The measures of all entering the Domestic Violence Group Program completed the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory. The inventory was selected because it has been ratified in various editions and is widely used to assess psychopathology in men attending domestic violence treatment programs. Six hundred clinical subjects were used with a cross-validation subjects sample of 398 clinical subjects, the MCMI – III was constructed from a theoretical evolutionary model and include much of the personality disorder criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Further the MCMI – III has three modifying indexes advantages to analyze and assess response bias: Disclosure, Desirability and Debasement Indexes. The Disclosure Index assesses the extent to which validity of truth is relayed and openness and frankness of responses as opposed to deliberate references and secretiveness; the Desirability Index assesses the inclinations to portray oneself as socially attractive, virtuous, or composed, the Debasement index assesses the respondent’s level of self-deprecation or devaluation.
Results
The results relayed that the prevalence of personality pathology among domestically violent men in the sample by Gibbons, Collins, and Reid was higher than reported by Gondolf (1999), White and Gondolf (2000) or Langhinrichsen-Rohling (2000) yet lower than rates of personality pathology reported in studies using the MCMI and several studies employing the MMPI -2. In the study done by Gibbons, Collins, and Reid, 37% of men in the sample reported severe personality pathology, mostly for the borderline type. Three quarters reflected severe personality levels and also had significant elevations on anti-social, aggressive, and passive-aggressive personality patterns as well, reflecting comorbid personality disorder, which according to some researchers is not common. The group severe level of personality pathology also scored the highest percentage on a number of Axis I Clinical Syndrome Scales.
A 17% of the overall sample reflected a moderate level of severity and reported profiles consistent with less severe but diverse personality disorders: histrionic, narcissistic, and compulsive; anti-social aggressive, and passive-aggressive; and schizoid, avoidant, depressive, dependent, and self-defeating personality patterns.
The remaining 46% of the sample did not report personality pathology consistent with a disorder, the subdivision for the low pathology level reflects trait and sub trait levels of severity indicative that another 30% of the overall sample exhibits the presence of clinically important personality pattern characteristics.
Conclusion of the Study
Therefore based on the study it has reflected that in male domestic violence perpetrators sample levels of personality pathology is reflective of higher rates than Gondolf (2002) suggested and the prevalence rate is intermediate between Gondolf’s research and other research on personality pathology with 54% of our participants producing personality profiles indicative of a disordered
personality. Considerable diversity of personality pathology among domestically violent men using modifying indices are used with careful assessment of the effects of response biases to
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #8
Page 3
control against over – and underreporting. Further because of this careful individual profile assessment needs to be done on groups of domestically violent perpetrators to fixate and adjust certain treatments that will effectively target differing personality pathologies to ensure optimal outcomes.
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
Based on the study and the conditional methods utilized to ensure that inner biases would be considered the study takes into account that some questions would probably not be answered with total frankness and with some evasiveness. I agree that the probability of finding a parallelism between a highly antagonistic domestically violent male perpetrator will reflect that the differing characteristics of anti-social antics, sadistic personality and borderline personality disorder are enabled to be established and as a guarantee that the connection exists.
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #8
Reference:
American Psychological Association
2011, Vol. 23, No. 1, 164-173
How Useful Are Indices of Personality Pathology When Assessing
Domestic Violence Perpetrators?
Compiled and written by:
Peter Gibbons, Marjorie Collins and Corinne Reid
Name of Study
How Useful Are Indices of Personality Pathology When Assessing Domestic Violence Perpetrators?
Literature
The purpose of this study is to address the debate about profiling personality pathology when assessing and treating male perpetrators of domestic violence. In support of this study, the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III) is utilized to explore the range and severity and diversity of the male perpetrator personality pathology and possible response bias in a group of domestic violence perpetrator being assessed for the appropriate treatment (N=177). The programs are usually geared toward male participants without referring to differentiating characteristics due to lack of homogeneous qualities. Because of the supposed “sameness” this effectively negates the possibility of running an effective treatment program and results in waste of resources and endangering of co-inmates with whom the perpetrator comes in contact with. Some are diagnosed as premeditated in their violence (anti-social or sadistic personality) whereas others are affectively violent (display characteristics consistent with borderline personality disorder).
Method Used to Conduct the Study
The methodology used to compile and gather input was from 181 participants who were either
self-referred (N=115) or court referred (N=66) to complete a Domestic Violence Intervention Program between 2003 and 2007 at a social service agency in Perth, Australia. The median age was 37.8 years (SD = 9.2) with ages ranging from 18 to 64 years. Prior to entry participants were assessed prior to a 18 week group program.
The MCMI – III (Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory) is used and the MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) both are used to evaluate the levels of prevalence of personality pathology among domestic violent perpetrators.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #8
Page 2
Measures
The measures of all entering the Domestic Violence Group Program completed the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory. The inventory was selected because it has been ratified in various editions and is widely used to assess psychopathology in men attending domestic violence treatment programs. Six hundred clinical subjects were used with a cross-validation subjects sample of 398 clinical subjects, the MCMI – III was constructed from a theoretical evolutionary model and include much of the personality disorder criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Further the MCMI – III has three modifying indexes advantages to analyze and assess response bias: Disclosure, Desirability and Debasement Indexes. The Disclosure Index assesses the extent to which validity of truth is relayed and openness and frankness of responses as opposed to deliberate references and secretiveness; the Desirability Index assesses the inclinations to portray oneself as socially attractive, virtuous, or composed, the Debasement index assesses the respondent’s level of self-deprecation or devaluation.
Results
The results relayed that the prevalence of personality pathology among domestically violent men in the sample by Gibbons, Collins, and Reid was higher than reported by Gondolf (1999), White and Gondolf (2000) or Langhinrichsen-Rohling (2000) yet lower than rates of personality pathology reported in studies using the MCMI and several studies employing the MMPI -2. In the study done by Gibbons, Collins, and Reid, 37% of men in the sample reported severe personality pathology, mostly for the borderline type. Three quarters reflected severe personality levels and also had significant elevations on anti-social, aggressive, and passive-aggressive personality patterns as well, reflecting comorbid personality disorder, which according to some researchers is not common. The group severe level of personality pathology also scored the highest percentage on a number of Axis I Clinical Syndrome Scales.
A 17% of the overall sample reflected a moderate level of severity and reported profiles consistent with less severe but diverse personality disorders: histrionic, narcissistic, and compulsive; anti-social aggressive, and passive-aggressive; and schizoid, avoidant, depressive, dependent, and self-defeating personality patterns.
The remaining 46% of the sample did not report personality pathology consistent with a disorder, the subdivision for the low pathology level reflects trait and sub trait levels of severity indicative that another 30% of the overall sample exhibits the presence of clinically important personality pattern characteristics.
Conclusion of the Study
Therefore based on the study it has reflected that in male domestic violence perpetrators sample levels of personality pathology is reflective of higher rates than Gondolf (2002) suggested and the prevalence rate is intermediate between Gondolf’s research and other research on personality pathology with 54% of our participants producing personality profiles indicative of a disordered
personality. Considerable diversity of personality pathology among domestically violent men using modifying indices are used with careful assessment of the effects of response biases to
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #8
Page 3
control against over – and underreporting. Further because of this careful individual profile assessment needs to be done on groups of domestically violent perpetrators to fixate and adjust certain treatments that will effectively target differing personality pathologies to ensure optimal outcomes.
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
Based on the study and the conditional methods utilized to ensure that inner biases would be considered the study takes into account that some questions would probably not be answered with total frankness and with some evasiveness. I agree that the probability of finding a parallelism between a highly antagonistic domestically violent male perpetrator will reflect that the differing characteristics of anti-social antics, sadistic personality and borderline personality disorder are enabled to be established and as a guarantee that the connection exists.
Social Work and Sexual Violence...Assignment #7
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #7
Reference: ProQuest Psychology Journals
Journal of Psychiatry & Law
American Psychological Association
2006, Vol. 115, No. 3, 610–615
http://0-search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/psychology/docview/222276997/fulltext/139AD04809B4E4B2C0B/2?accountid=960
Emotional variables and deviant sexual fantasies in adolescent sex offenders
Compiled and written by:
Janet DiGiorgio0-Miller
Name of Study
Emotional variables and deviant sexual fantasies in adolescent sex offenders
Literature
This study consists of studies of the relational boundaries between the inpatient and outpatient treatment settings. Utilizing emotional variables and sex offenders of adult age rather than juveniles who range from the age of 18 years and under the primary compiled data reflects that a large disparity exist between residential sex offenders (inpatient) and outpatient sex offenders relating to deviant sexual fantasies. Certain variables are positively correlated and show a parallel pattern of deviant sexual fantasies for residential sexual offenders (inpatient). Using this as an encourager the next step entailed researching the field of adolescent sex offender assessment and treatment by theory as to the level of sexual deviant thoughts as paralleled to mood states and resulting acting out behavior. This study subsequently analyzes emotional components in various settings to obtain proposed treatment interventions for each issue suffered. Utilizing overlooked traditional variables and early prevention will provide more effective and efficient treatment.
Method Used to Conduct the Study
The participants in the study were from residential facilities in Massachusetts (Stetson School) and New Jersey (Pinelands). The outpatients sexual offenders were from both urban and suburban settings in New Jersey. A total of 66 adolescent males offenders, 33 inpatient and 33 outpatients and were used in the Sexual Fantasy Questionnaire.
Measures
The first measure used examined the adolescent’s frequency of sexual deviant and not deviant fantasy using the Sexual Fantasy Questionnaire and was developed and administered by Daleiden, Kaufman, Hilliker and O’Neil (1998). The studied adolescent male sex offenders,
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #7
Page 2
Measures (continued)
aged 10 to 23, were used in the questionnaire to ascertain the frequency of sex offending as related to the possible perpetration of future sex crimes.
The second measure examines the level of the adolescent’s loneliness using the University of California, Los Angeles (USLA) Loneliness Scale by Archibald, Bartholomew and Marx (1995). Usual purpose was the examination of adult men but consent was given to be used on adolescents.
The third measure used was research to examine the adolescent’s level of hostility. Buss and Durkee (1957) created the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory for adult males but permission was given to use on adolescents for support in this study.
Results
The results generated by using a multivariate of variance (MANOUA) procedure was conducted regarding treatment setting (inpatient and outpatient), sexual fantasies (deviant and outpatient), loneliness and hostility. Furthermore, correlational analyses were performed utilizing demographic data, treatment setting, sexual fantasies, loneliness and hostility to further analyze relationship.
Inpatient offenders mean age was 15.26, standard deviation was 1.45. The mean number of months in treatment was 13.48, standard deviation was 10.40. The mean number of offenses was 16.39, stardard deviation was 12.60. Reporting offenses entailed: 25 participants reported fondling, 25 oral penetration, 18 anal penetration, 11 vaginal penetration, 6 frottage, 12 for exposing, and 1 for “other”. The mean number of victim was 1.39, standard was .496.
Outpatient offenders mean age was 15.92, standard deviation was 1.83. The mean number of months in treatment was 12.73, standard deviation was 9.21. The mean number of offenses was 4.33, standard deviation was 3.24. Reporting offenses entailed: 27 participants reported fondling, 10 oral penetration, 13 anal penetration, 11 vaginal penetration, 0 frottage, 3 for exposing, and 2 for “other”. The mean number of victims was 1.26, standard deviation was .448.
Conclusion of the Study
The purpose of the study is to analyze and obtain the difference between the inpatient and outpatient sexual offenders and its relevance to deviant sexual fantasy and emotional variables. Reflective of the study it provided the necessary data consisting of the need for higher level of supervision for inpatient juveniles because the higher frequency of deviant fantasies the more higher the risk of acting out on these fantasies and the subsequent need for better and stricter help because of levels of hostility exhibited.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #7
Page 3
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
My opinion consist of the relevance of the study is accurate because ultimately what lies beneath the surface of sex offenders is rage, anger, resentment and the need to dominate and control. Adding the study of emotional levels and loneliness is a dead hit because the idea is to understand the reasoning of them acting out deviant sexual fantasies and the possible reason why these behavioral trends are coming out and resulting in them hurting a victim or being a true victim of his self. Self-victimization is my summary thought and that he is his own worst enemy.
SW 314
Social Work and
Sexual Violence
Assignment #7
Reference: ProQuest Psychology Journals
Journal of Psychiatry & Law
American Psychological Association
2006, Vol. 115, No. 3, 610–615
http://0-search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/psychology/docview/222276997/fulltext/139AD04809B4E4B2C0B/2?accountid=960
Emotional variables and deviant sexual fantasies in adolescent sex offenders
Compiled and written by:
Janet DiGiorgio0-Miller
Name of Study
Emotional variables and deviant sexual fantasies in adolescent sex offenders
Literature
This study consists of studies of the relational boundaries between the inpatient and outpatient treatment settings. Utilizing emotional variables and sex offenders of adult age rather than juveniles who range from the age of 18 years and under the primary compiled data reflects that a large disparity exist between residential sex offenders (inpatient) and outpatient sex offenders relating to deviant sexual fantasies. Certain variables are positively correlated and show a parallel pattern of deviant sexual fantasies for residential sexual offenders (inpatient). Using this as an encourager the next step entailed researching the field of adolescent sex offender assessment and treatment by theory as to the level of sexual deviant thoughts as paralleled to mood states and resulting acting out behavior. This study subsequently analyzes emotional components in various settings to obtain proposed treatment interventions for each issue suffered. Utilizing overlooked traditional variables and early prevention will provide more effective and efficient treatment.
Method Used to Conduct the Study
The participants in the study were from residential facilities in Massachusetts (Stetson School) and New Jersey (Pinelands). The outpatients sexual offenders were from both urban and suburban settings in New Jersey. A total of 66 adolescent males offenders, 33 inpatient and 33 outpatients and were used in the Sexual Fantasy Questionnaire.
Measures
The first measure used examined the adolescent’s frequency of sexual deviant and not deviant fantasy using the Sexual Fantasy Questionnaire and was developed and administered by Daleiden, Kaufman, Hilliker and O’Neil (1998). The studied adolescent male sex offenders,
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #7
Page 2
Measures (continued)
aged 10 to 23, were used in the questionnaire to ascertain the frequency of sex offending as related to the possible perpetration of future sex crimes.
The second measure examines the level of the adolescent’s loneliness using the University of California, Los Angeles (USLA) Loneliness Scale by Archibald, Bartholomew and Marx (1995). Usual purpose was the examination of adult men but consent was given to be used on adolescents.
The third measure used was research to examine the adolescent’s level of hostility. Buss and Durkee (1957) created the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory for adult males but permission was given to use on adolescents for support in this study.
Results
The results generated by using a multivariate of variance (MANOUA) procedure was conducted regarding treatment setting (inpatient and outpatient), sexual fantasies (deviant and outpatient), loneliness and hostility. Furthermore, correlational analyses were performed utilizing demographic data, treatment setting, sexual fantasies, loneliness and hostility to further analyze relationship.
Inpatient offenders mean age was 15.26, standard deviation was 1.45. The mean number of months in treatment was 13.48, standard deviation was 10.40. The mean number of offenses was 16.39, stardard deviation was 12.60. Reporting offenses entailed: 25 participants reported fondling, 25 oral penetration, 18 anal penetration, 11 vaginal penetration, 6 frottage, 12 for exposing, and 1 for “other”. The mean number of victim was 1.39, standard was .496.
Outpatient offenders mean age was 15.92, standard deviation was 1.83. The mean number of months in treatment was 12.73, standard deviation was 9.21. The mean number of offenses was 4.33, standard deviation was 3.24. Reporting offenses entailed: 27 participants reported fondling, 10 oral penetration, 13 anal penetration, 11 vaginal penetration, 0 frottage, 3 for exposing, and 2 for “other”. The mean number of victims was 1.26, standard deviation was .448.
Conclusion of the Study
The purpose of the study is to analyze and obtain the difference between the inpatient and outpatient sexual offenders and its relevance to deviant sexual fantasy and emotional variables. Reflective of the study it provided the necessary data consisting of the need for higher level of supervision for inpatient juveniles because the higher frequency of deviant fantasies the more higher the risk of acting out on these fantasies and the subsequent need for better and stricter help because of levels of hostility exhibited.
Felicia McCaw
SW 314
Assignment #7
Page 3
My Opinion/thoughts about the study
My opinion consist of the relevance of the study is accurate because ultimately what lies beneath the surface of sex offenders is rage, anger, resentment and the need to dominate and control. Adding the study of emotional levels and loneliness is a dead hit because the idea is to understand the reasoning of them acting out deviant sexual fantasies and the possible reason why these behavioral trends are coming out and resulting in them hurting a victim or being a true victim of his self. Self-victimization is my summary thought and that he is his own worst enemy.
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