Thursday, June 16, 2016

Discussion Week 10 - Humanities 112

Twentieth Century African-American Artists

Choose two (2) of the following late 20th century African-American artists, and compare and contrast their art: Bearden, Lawrence, Basquiat, or Colescott. Provide examples in your comparison.

Romare Howard Bearden &
Robert Colescott

Romare Howard Bearden was born in Charlotte, NC in 1911 and died in 1988 but not before he showed the world his phenomenal approach toward reflecting blackness in extreme.

Embedded in his artistical pieces are emotional feelings depicting pleading, skepticism and disbelief in the “Presage.". Symbolic is the parental man admonishing and correcting unwanted behavior and her hands close together reflects her guilt and acceptance of her punishment. Reflecting skepticism is the other woman who feelings reflect that she will probably misbehave again and that the admonishment is useless. In “Southern Recall” is a depiction of a collage mixed with painting reflecting male and female (black) love of music and living a rather impoverish life. Another example of his art is “The Lamp” which is a tribute to the march against segregation and desire for equitable education.

Robert Colescott was born in Oakland, California in 1925 and died in 2009 but left behind his inventive and controversial exhibits of paintings that challenged stereotypes of a sexual and racial nature and displayed sin at its most prevalent.

In one of his paintings “Heartbreak Hotel” this one characterized black people love of money, entertainment, prostitution of women of various shades, with the white hands symbolizing white patrons and secrecy with a woman’s lips firmly closed to ensure it.

Another painting “Ode to Joy” is full of sexual allure and money with the appropriation of dope and its influence and seductive power. What you wish for can be obtained for a little money. Rub the lamp and all become true with cupid shooting his arrow making all accessible.

“Power for Desire – Desire for Power” reflects that intermingled in this painting is the ambitious women who consort with men for their power and influence. Not distracting from the theme is that there is no difference between the race or color of women and the sexual partner they are with. The ulterior motive is the same money and influence. Depicted also is a couple with one bag of groceries signifying poverty and two men (one black and one white) onlooking with ambition and desire for same.

Romare Bearden’s “Presage” approach is symbolic and exemplifies a style created by Picasso in Les Demoiselles d’Avignon utilizing tension to support the theme and emotional level whereas Robert Colescott approach in “Power for Desire – Desire for Power" is similar to Henri Matisse’s Joy of Life with emphasis on sexual alludes, with tension and supportive emotional levels coming through. Both have the ability to project anguish at the impoverishment in varying paintings in which they both acknowledge and expose the plight of black people and exploitation. Reflecting seduction, greed and methodology used to gain objective is a clear reflection of the “who” who is profiting. Both styles are expressionist explosions on canvas bursting with outrage and emotional feeling.

In contrast, Romare Howard Bearden’s work has more structure and control while Robert Colescott’s work is extreme but with a more free hand and liberalness and ability to invade and pursue the truth. Colescott’s work pushes the button with extremeness and riskiness while Bearden’s work is more confined but is addressing the same issues in black’s life.

Describe two specific elements of the works from the chosen artists that represent the multiplicity of the African-American experience.

Two specific elements included in the works (paintings) from both artists are the raw expression of black identity and self-awareness. Utilizing various themes within a painting they both were able to portray the hardships, stereotypes addressed toward black people and the restrictive aspects that are attributed to the entire black race by utilizing multiplicity as a tool to facilitate and argue the why the crippling of a race is continuously done. Further suppression and oppression acts as an operative to forbid and prevent escalation and the fight against argumentative points against black people. In all the paintings is a challenge to the reason of the “why” and a hope and bid to change the circumstances and plight of black people.

The usual process to challenge exploitation is to take a stance and be supportive against discriminatory practices and expose it, expose it, expose it, expose it until someone listens and helps. Further disproving the stereotypes and accusatory comments whether in art, writing, portraiture and other endeavors is the only avenue allowed and allows wide exposure to injustices which will allow the return of grace and contribution from an oppressed race.

Both Romare Howard Bearden’s and Robert Colescott’s work is involving and communicative and sparks the psychological analysis of a people done wrong.

Identify one (1) of these works (or some other by an African American artist) that you would like in your workplace, and explain why.

Romare Bearden’s "Presage" is the painting that I would exhibit in my home or work place because it gives credit that a black man is on his duty to ensure the correct running of his household and acts as the final administrator to rules and regulations that he has set down. Further the docility and humbleness of the young lady in question is viewed as accepting and is conciliatory toward correction and willingness to be obedient. Impressive also is the woman with skepticism whose face is partially shaded with black and slight irregularities expressing a hard life. But overriding that is the compelling images of him and the young lady with him painted with various colors of blue which is reflective of the stress that he is going through with her and her exhibit of one blue hand and one black reflecting that she will attempt to be obedient but has a bent toward veering another way.

I like this painting because its imagery of emotion is very deep, intriguing and a true facilitator to the life that all black people experience with black young ladies to ensure that corrective measures can be done as well as have knowledge of the temptations that are out there.

Thank you.

Felicia

http://www.beardenfoundation.org/artlife/biography/biography.shtml
http://www.beardenfoundation.org/index2.shtml
http://www.wikiart.org/en/romare-bearden
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/10/arts/design/10colescott.html
http://arthurrogergallery.com/artists/robert-colescott/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Colescott
http://www.blackpast.org/aah/colescott-robert-1925

co-student reply

I agree that both (Romare Bearden & Jean-Michel Basquiat) as African Americans or black citizens did their part in portraying elemental feeling in all of their artistical work. One with expressionist art and the other with graffiti which is a self-taught expression and allows deep emotional depictions and is very abstract and unusual.

One thing about collages is that the piece here or there makes a person center on it and begin an analysis and if done right ... so does the agreement of viewer coincide.

Bearden was able to exhibit a connection of a train to historical fact. He was able to use his artistical talents to tell a tale to all the horrific experiences and flight to freedom and hope for a better life with the Great Migration movement.

In "Irony of a Negro Policeman" Basquiat reflective points show that he felt a conflict as to whether a person of African American descent could adequately be an objective enforcer and that he was merely a pawn used by white society. Contrary to his opinion or theme relayed, I disagree and feel all rules stands for all races with no favoritism at all and that a black man or woman can more than adequately do the job needed.

Thank you.

Felicia

Discussion Week 9 - Humanities 112

Government and the Arts

Discuss the U.S. Government's support during the Great Depression for programs, such as the Federal Arts Project, the Federal Writers' Project, and other such efforts.

In support the U.S. Government enacted the Works Progress Administration in 1935 that was part of the New Deal struggle against the Great Depression. Programs created was the Federal Arts Projects, the Federal Writers’ Project and other programs to provide unemployed artists and artisans employment and to create artistic works such as murals, posters, graphic art, sculptures, easel paintings, photography, theatre scenic designs and arts and crafts. Further the Federal Art Project purpose during the depression was to establish community art centers all over the country for art works to be displayed representing American Artists with conclusive research and documentation and helped sustained over 10,000 artists. Its primary goal was to provide employment and also produce art for non-federal municipal buildings and public spaces.

The Federal Writers’ project was also under the Works Progress Administration and its purpose was to employ writers, editors, historians, researchers, art critics, archaeologists, geologists and cartographers which amounted to over 6,600 people. Supplying essays on political, non-political discussions and narratives based on slavery using interviewing techniques. Also, produced was ethnic studies, folklore collections, local histories, nature studies of more than one thousand books and pamphlets.

Another development known as the Federal Theatre Project was part of the Works Progress Administration. It allowed the creation of jobs for unemployed theatrical people of which 10,000 professional in all facets were employed. One of my favorite actors Orson Welles came through this program (featured in Jane Eyre and other great movies I love.)

Also, the Federal Music Project was beneficial in alleviating the effect of lost of jobs for musicians during the Great Depression. Orchestras were eliminated from hotels, restaurants and silent movies, opera companies closed and the teaching of music disappeared from schools and universities. By organizing orchestras throughout the country this allowed the continuous flow of musical entertainment and employment.

Discuss whether or not such projects were good government investments during those hard times, and provide two (2) examples that support your viewpoint.

As known a depression is a severe swing of lack of employment, financial collapse and business failures. Due to the lack of eligible opportunities for employment this situation causes an inability to survive and lack of stability. Further because the government came in and interceded this allowed the retainership of artistic culture, employment of artists, artisans, musicians, writers all of which helped establish a historical base and musical value. Not only was this a good governmental investment for the country it was also a good morale builder and incentive to progress and evolve. Historical fact was established that lent detailed account of the hardship, steps and plan that were put into effect to put the country back on its feet.

Two examples that support my viewpoint is the establishment of cultural museums that displays the most moving paintings that depict historical times, themes and enlightenment of an era past and the other example is that our musical level has increased and is equitable to some of the most established orchestras in the world.

http://www.britannica.com/topic/WPA-Federal-Theatre-Project
http://www.britannica.com/topic/WPA-Federal-Writers-Project
http://www.britannica.com/topic/WPA-Federal-Art-Project
Sayre, H.M. (2014) The Humanities: Culture, Continuity and Change, Boston, MA: Pearson

Determine in what ways the U.S. government currently tries to support the arts. Provide at least one example to support your view.

The U.S. government acts as a facilitator and support of continuing artistical talent to be exhibited by assigning grant monies to differing organizations that are in charge of disbursing monies to aid in this endeavor. Further each state also acts as an assistant to encourage the continuance of Arts. During a time of budget analysis monies are set aside by the federal government for the disbursement of one to one match grants per state. The reasons why is art acts as a positive stimulant and by each display of artistical talent this can be an opening for the impoverish to be exposed to art and become an incentive to perpetuate and nurture new talent. Further it affects economic growth and make communities desirable, aloof but welcoming.

In support of this there are various websites that allow the applying for grants to participate in art displays and creation of art based on or inspired by different styles.

https://www.arts.gov/grants/apply-grant/grants-organizations
http://www.nasaa-arts.org/Advocacy/Advocacy-Tools/Why-Government-Support/WhyGovSupport.pdf

Thank you.

Felicia

co-student reply

I agree that the depression was an era in the United States history that almost configuratively destroyed this country. But due to a shrewd, cultured, wise leader (President Franklin D. Roosevelt) was able to discern and evaluate the destructiveness of the depression and take steps to advert destruction.

The Work Progress Administration was in fact a study which evolved to differing projects to retain a cultural base and head off unemployment. As you stated one out of four Americans being jobless is too many. Twenty-five consumers out of a hundred is a factual basis in the closures throughout the country. Without working individuals these people lives were in jeopardy of dying of starvation and inability to function normally.

The theory of each project was to preserve historical fact, cultural presence, retain our talented people to keep the educational level up and mostly head off unemployment and make monies in escalated segments to handle the depressionary era.

The New Deal was the DEAL for the people and country to show support by extending a helping hand. As an impoverish person this deal won the people's heart and backing because of these measures done by President Roosevelt and his administers this showed they cared. I feel the same a job or position represents my pride in this country with my loyalty and backing.

I love the attitude of the Government in its right to progress Art in all its creative avenues to cultivate greatness in this country. Furthermore with the knowledge that this would be an investment that would return profit as well as stability.

Thank you.

Felicia

Discussion Week 8 - Humanities 112

Harlem Renaissance

Of the various authors, artists, and musicians who participated in the Harlem Renaissance, identify the person whose autograph you would most want, and explain the reasons why.

Billie Holliday

(Born Elinore Harris also referred to as Eleanora Fagan) (Nickname – Lady Day)

Billie is the person I would love to have an autograph from because she acted as a lead in breaking through the color barrier. She is the artist whose music I love to listen to and sing along with and I find her just impressive because she was considered one of the best jazz singers in her era and was very prominent with her own style. Beauty and charisma is what she personified with the sound of a sweet hummingbird that called feet to dance with joy and laughter.

Because her style has a mesmerizing lilt and slow honey crawl it is very admirable and classy. Also, I feel that having even just a fragment of her talent is just pure awesome. Further I like her style because I am a music lover and she is one of my favorites and I wish I could have talked to her to find out what was wrong and why she started using drugs and try to help her kick it because she was too beautiful to throw herself away.

Provide one (1) example that illustrates the reason why you selected the person that you did.

The reason why I selected her is because I have been exposed to various types of music and jazz is cognizant cool. It is so smooth that it takes a realist to understand that it is clever and non-repetitive and an orchestrated imaginative incredible delicious remarkable creative rendition that makes the heart soar and feet tap to its beat. Further she was very influential in the jazz arena and everybody who was someone knew her and gravitated to her beauty and talent and followed in the jazz business. I just look at her in wonder and look, sigh and lean back and let the caressing melody flow over me because it is just pure pleasure to hear her and I am glad that she is being remembered for the classy lady who led a troubled life but is still a phenomenon in my heart and eye.

Thank you.

Felicia

http://www.biography.com/people/billie-holiday-9341902

co-student reply

Langston Hughes is an awesome writer and being a writer myself he is a facilitator to the English language because he is a Black expressionist. Interpreting his poems are a pleasure because buried beneath is a soul that cries for justice for the common little man and he is a spoke in the wheel that helped the Harlem Renaissance.

His poem speaks to me in deep thoughts that tell me to keep going despite the cost...to march on for the right is the Lord and he is my God and the hand that holds mine...so keep chasing your dream Andrea and I will continue to fight for mine because I am nothing without it.

Thank you for bringing this one forth.

Felicia

Discussion Week 7 - Humanities 112

Color Analysis

Describe two (2) color paintings by different artists (selected from the list or sources in the Explore section below) that you believe represent the following quote by Kandinsky on the subject of color in art. Justify your response.

The two (2) color paintings by different artists that I selected that I believe represent the following quote by Kandinsky on the subject of color are as follows:

Matteo Garrone’s II Racconto dei racconti (Tale of Tales)

The first artistic expression is Matteo Garrone’s II Racconto dei racconti (Tale of Tales) which exhibits sheer vivid color of green that signifies life and richness and affluency as an effective background to highlight her beauty and state of distress. Also, because of the richness and sensuality of the portrayal it has been influenced by the Baroque technique or style. The paleness of her skin (ivory) and physical shape reflects delicacy and her level in the social hierarchy. The richly colored red dress signifies a nature of stubbornness, fiery temperament, pride and assurance also her hair is groomed and not a disheveled mess but reflects beautiful red tresses with waves and a slight curl pattern. Visible is her left foot which is delicate and shapely but smudged with dirt as if she had been walking or running barefoot from someone.

Also, the state of her dress is pulled past slight shoulders reflecting flawless skin and leaving her bosom bare but covered by red long tresses. From the viewing of this portrayal is the thought that an innocent has been attacked and she has managed to escape and is resting from an exhaustive ordeal.

The color of green and lushness of the foliage is very symbolic and very useful as foil needed to personify femininity. The spirituality of color in this portrayal allows and embodies concern for a distraught woman and also arouses curiosity.

Gordon Cheung’s The Rider from Alan Cristea

The next picture I chose is Gordon Cheung’s The Rider from Alan Cristea for the energy expressed in various colors that helps with the depiction of a bull charged with outrage at being ridden. Each color symbolizes emotions that are combined and help express the sheer strength of each bucking twisting jump to remove or propel the rider from its back. From the rider’s hat to his jacket and chaps are reflecting colors to indicate his maleness and his desire to master and subdue the bucking bull that is a high spirited, hot tempered specimen of charging muscle. Also, the intriguing pattern summon the eyes to take closer scrutiny because of the imagery and with colors interlocking it invites a private enjoyment and appreciation for sparking the imagination to visualize the action that is occurring. Further, the spirituality of color in this image is that it blends the color in harmonious perfection and relays its own scenario.

Discuss these ideas (from the quote) for the use of color and its impact in our own times, such as its effect for advertising and sales, or its impact in the workplace and home.

The impact of color in our times is a significant emphasizer and attractant of visual display that assist in the promotion of advertising and sales. Color and its reflective display acts as a stimulant and active promoter to purchase and investigate the exhibited display. When the reception from the eyes (visual) reaches the brain it acts not only as a stimulus but also as a receptor in the brain that allows the act of appreciation to register in the conscious and sub-conscious.

Further the interaction of color, themes and lettering is almost like a clash between art, reality and conception. Color and themes are now the rendition of modern art and is effective in the displays for advertising and sales which are artistic displays as well.

The spirituality of color has been expanded to give significance of emotional value that correspond to color, e.g., white is relational to purity, blue is relational to truth and the list of correlation and interpretation of colors continue. Therefore with the conclusion that the usage of colors in Expressionism is a supportive, logical and conclusion that colors are facilitators in art that express emotions that speak without words. Per the thought or desire the usage of colors can differ in interpretations because of the theme or thought of what the artistic display is trying to relay.

As far as the impact of colors in the workplace or home these choices range from pleasurable reception to neutrality as well as versatility and practicality. Also, color choices in the home can be chosen to keep a certain mood for an uplifting of spirits and common theme of joy and pleasure.

Here are the references and sites for the paintings below:

http://www.moma.org/collection/?=undefined&page=1
http://www.moma.org/collection/works/202476?locale=en
http://www.moma.org/collection/works/194752?locale=en
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYIA2vz8NKCRkuPzOyvdlL5SmD1QNlE4dcU3Zn9N2KSTs4HaD0HloM4UOXHdAayJ6fvEInV7P_-gF2HyEMAZPTtrE0skuWWi53H_y7k64OrIdxUAatjElfhH_pVDVAhrm0gCkoX1Qfybb-/s1600/meaning_of_color.jpg

Can you think of an example of a business using color to promote a feeling?

An example of a business using color to promote a feeling is Nike--the swoop gives an impression of exhiliration and is symbolic of coolness and based on this trademark it is very popular and is considered a name brand and status.

Thank you.

Felicia

co-student reply

Les Fetes de Nuit a l'Exposition Page 1085

I agree with your point that it would be appropriately categorized under this quote due to the coloring of a dramatic night sky and elaborately lite Eiffel Tower. The drama of the night has been beguiled and allows the seduction of the viewer to be invited out and be entertained. What comes to mind is pleasure and wicked exotic thoughts that the evening will provide.

Victor Horta, Tassel House Page 1088

I also like the portrayal by Victor Horta, Tassel House, Brussels for the engrossing curvature in the iron columns to spiral like tendrils that give a thought of tenacity and entanglement. This display of Art Nouveau has been blended into the architecture and is excellent.

Further I agree that colors in advertising make a successful promotion especially where children are concerned and as long as colors are an attractant and a good facilitator to promoting business then they will be continually used in the present and future.

Thank you.

Felicia

Discussion Week 6 - Humanities 112

Tchaikovsky

Select one (1) composition by Tchaikovsky that you enjoy. Describe the music and subject matter of that work, and explain why you enjoyed it.

Swan Lake Op. 20 – Full Suite – Pyotr Llych Tchaikovsky

Peter Llyich Tchaikovsky was born in Russia and is renowned as one of the greatest composers in his country of birth. His first ballet score was Swan Lake and was performed in 1877. This composition is one of my favorites because of the sheer mesmerizing note of each musical collaboration of an almost mystical dreamlike state that compels the senses to flow along with each musical beat. It coaxes and seduces the mind to flow with imagery to feel every heartfelt movement as it goes along with every lilt as it prevails the eye to internally visualize and sympathize with Odette and her maiden’s fate of victimization and the deprivation of their parents whose heartbroken tears have filled a lake of magical allure.

Despair fills the pair (Prince Siegfried and Odette) who have found love as heartbreak and treachery causes the death of both but become lovers in the afterlife. If you can imagine music expressing tears then that is what is included in this composition along with drama and danger.

I believe the reason it failed at first was because of the unhappy ending because we all want happy endings but the true essential and exquisite blending of harp, flutes, trombones, drums, tambourines ring salute, horns that play plaintively for understanding and violins that dance with triumph and horns that underscore is irresistible and a joy to hear and see the choreography which accompanies the music. The choreography, depiction and interpretation is grace innate and is pure sublime to view.

Explain the key reasons why you believe that compositions by Tchaikovsky continue to be popular with contemporary orchestras and audiences.

Some of the key reasons why I believe that compositions by Tchaikovsky continue to be popular with contemporary orchestras and audiences are the intricate combination of drama and his ability to take a Shakespearean play and breathe life into a musical representation. Using his unique talents he was able to show new composers how a play could be personified musically and then modify it to fit a ballet. Inspired by this play he was overwhelmed with inspiration to create his interpretation and was able to work with other composers and helped facilitate a mentor image and example that is followed today.

Further the flow and intriguing combinations of musical notes reflect high emotional levels of tears, sadness, happiness, joy, listlessness and despair. Because of the vast range it is almost a triumph to be able to play his flawless renditions and allow a new level of ballet music that can be interpreted with graceful and intricate dance. Challenging to all is to play and reflect various levels of delicacy mixed with drama and relay all to a pleased audience the exquisite compositions.

Passionate nationalism, like Tchaikovsky's for Russia, could be a feature of Romantic art and music and in the arts of the late 1800s. Give primary examples of music today (besides national anthems) that is characterized by nationalism.

Primary examples of music today (besides national anthems) that is characterized by nationalism and are portrayed by the following:

Richard Wagner
Germany.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Austria

Giacomo Puccini
Italy

Richard Wagner of German descent music is perceived as an associative to Fascism. With this consideration in mind it is conclusive that it stands as a form of patriotism and honorable tribute to his country’s nationalism. Examples of his music are Tristan und Isolde, mysticism (Der fliegende Holländer) and Nordic mythology (the Ring cycle), Der Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelung).

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart being of Austrian birth gave rise to a level of symphonic splendor that changed the attitude toward music from being merely appreciated to a true art form. In the nature and honor to his country as a true nationalist or as true nationalism he gave the exceedly complicated composition of Der Hölle Rache from Die Zauberflöte, Requiem in D minor, Piano Concerto 21, Symphony no. 40 and Coronation Mass.

Giacomo Puccinia of Italian birth symbolizes in essence the elixir in Operetta. His compositions are reflective of his heritage with sheer beauty of expression and heart wounding clarity that embodies the passion of nationalism in each composition. Serving as a mentor and exemplary example he is very influential and effective in the continuance of “the opera”. Some of his music compositions are Madama Butterfly, Romance of La Boheme and the comedy of Gianni Schicci amongst others.

Although the above mentioned are just three of the top ten composers who symbolize and embody Nationalism the others are as follow who exhibit skill of intricacy, beauty of expression and exquisite form:

Edward Elgar (England), Dmitri Shostakovich (Soviet Union), Edvard Grieg (Norway), Antonín Dvo?ák (Bohemia), Claude Debussy (France), Bela Bartok (Hungary), Krzysztof Penderecki (Poland) and Charles Ives (Danbury, Connecticut).

http://dance.about.com/od/historyofdance/f/Tchaikovsky.htm
http://classicalmusic.about.com/od/balletsynopses/a/swanlakesto
Sayre, H.M. (2014) The Humanities: Culture, Continuity and Change, Boston, MA: Pearson
http://www.rockfordsymphony.com/tchaikovsky-romeo-and-juliet-notes/
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=tchaikovsky&&view=detail&mid=34B77353A33516122F5E34B77353A33516122F5E&rvsmid=D20420FEFE03060DD6F5D20420FEFE03060DD6F5&fsscr=0&FORM=VDQVAP
http://listverse.com/2010/04/19/top-10-composers-who-embody-nationalism/

Reply to co-student

I agree that the depiction in the painting by Berthe Morisot (Summer's Day) is relaying a distinction between classes of the two women portrayed. Also, that inherent respect is reflected as well as decency portrayed by socialistic perception. Reflected is graceful strokes of two varying visual angles in the formation of the women that is a primary characteristic of impressionism.

Further that a life of ease and comfort was theirs but in contrast the painting done by Edgar Degas (Dance Class) is reflective of a more stressful life that reflects hard work to survive. His painting is a tight composition reflecting more detail in clarity with light brush strokes and I believe a secret respect for hard workers since he was one also.

A "picture does tell a thousand words" is true that ability to relay respect is enabled by correct portrayal as well as disrespect is figuratively done with ease. Today versus yesterday is like two lines going in opposite directions. Having internal respect for women is inherent, socialized and a usual social norm to keep society correctly structured.

Depiction and thoughts go relatively hand in hand and even in those days women were portrayed in sometimes a risque view but it was not so brazenly displayed. Furthermore, there was plenty of disrespect but in segments or in certain levels of society. Also, respect is a state of mind and you must have respect for yourself before you can relay it to someone else.

Thank you.

Felicia









Discussion Week 5 - Humanities 112

Intrusions in Asia

Describe the key motives involved in the increased presence of Westerners in India, China, and Japan in the 1700s and 1800s.

The key motives involved in the increased presence of Westerners in India, China, and Japan in the 1700s and 1800s were the desire to acquire interests in the resources and economies. Acquiring major proprietary ownership in these countries allowed investments to multiply wealth that would increase the affluence of their own countries. Various European nations competed for the untapped resources with the motive of financial gain that acted like a stimulus. Economic domination of each would ensure that these goals would be met, acquired and fulfilled.

Further, domination of either country was seen as a coup and triumph. The more Westerners in these countries helped outweighed any consideration for the Chinese or care of China the country. Greed was the primary push, prejudice, racism and discrimination. Also, the ultimate goal was to weaken traditional culture, political leadership and the structure of social systems to ensure the state of a conquered people and country.

Identify the key factors that led to Britain’s successful imposition of its presence and trade policies on China, despite communications like those from Emperor Ch’ien-lung (i.e., Qianlong) and Commissioner Lin Zexu (i.e., Lin Tse-hsu).

The key factors that led to Britain’s successful imposition of its presence and trade policies on China, despite communications like those from Emperor Ch’ien-lung and Commissioner Lin Zeru offering a trading zone in Canton only and a request to forbid the importation of opium in China due to its destructive nature.

Although restrictions were attempted to maintain control over Westerner’s presence and trade policies in China these attempts were overridden by the British’s determination to subjugate the Chinese rights by dominating them and trade and acquiring the high quality materials they had for trade for less than cost. Desire for tea, porcelains and quality silks and property acquisition way below cost was the spur and motivator for force.

Because the Chinese wanted to restrict the import of opium ruthless steps were taken by the British to continue the opium trade because of its lucrativeness and offset of trade. To ensure the continuance of import their military force attacked this country which allowed a state of surrender and dominance to occur.

Exploitation of the Chinese allowed the British to further intrude for sheer financial gain and acquisitional opportunities in this country. The debilitating effect of opium on these people was the reason they sought help to restrict its import and distribution within China because it weakened the people and country. Because the people were suffering with drug addiction this ultimately allowed a task of subjugation to occur with ease and the ability to fight lessening or to defend. Therefore, the British’s invasion and military prowess effectively removed resistance and caused a no contest for the people and caused a serious deterioration of the economy and conditions of living. Many Chinese had to emigrate to survive due to the severe plundering of their country, resources and exploitation and use of them.

As in all cases of an indigenous people with those of a culture more advanced those with more sophistication are apt to exploit and take advantage. In consequence, when a people’s resources are taken there is nothing left for them and therefore comes the opportunity to use them as labor with the cost of paying nothing for wages because they want to survive.

Argue for or against the British policies regarding China in the 1800s, using analogies from our own modern times
.

Personally, I am against any form of exploitation of any person or people. I find that this causes preventatives in communication and inter-relational abilities. Not only does it cause the inability to communicate it also summarily cause distrust, skepticism, disbelief and separation of people with rigid barriers held against total cooperation. Can an ally be made of a people broken, degraded and enslaved to opium? What exactly is their purpose to be subjugated and crushed down? Where is the initiative to grow and evolve with nothing if everything is taken from them? Do they have a purpose at all to live?

Although I to am appreciative of personal gain and financial affluency but not at the expense of a race of unique quality being destroyed. The respect of other races will always be a factor in the relations of all and the considerations that unfair trade is destructive, unfriendly and ultimately a destroyer of economy and good relations, tentative trust and honorable intent.

Because of this my views are based on my feelings today that these unscrupulous practices would not be allowed, condoned, followed, or carried out. Alliances that are made are a great stabilizer in world power in modern times. The sheer magnificent minds they have in this country are phenomenal and a great asset to all and not something to be underestimated, sneered at, or mocked with the use of levity. Therefore, I am against the plundering of any people or a country using “might makes right” as a justifier because it is not a good facilitator of moral intent.

Reply to co-student

I agree that the increased presence of Westerners in these countries was motivated by their desire to conquer and dominate them, the country and economy. The spur and financial wealth caused a show and use of force to obtain control. This control as you state occurred irregardless of North America and the other segments of Europe interest.

China although a country of not a complete indigenous culture did not have the military force to protect themselves from the invasion and surrendered Hong Kong I believe to alleviate attacks and utter destruction. Therefore, the British took command pretty much of the trade between India and China and gutted the entire trade process and caused a decline in both of these countries causing large number of the populace to emigrate to survive.

The thought that a little ball of comprised chemical ... could cause so much destruction in a human ability to think, function and become a slave to its intoxicating effect is incredible and unfair to distribute.

Further, I disagree with the total consumption and plunder of a country which leaves nothing for the countrymen themselves.

Thank you.

Felicia

Discussion Week 4 - Humanities 112

“Beethoven” – Ninth Symphony

Identify the composition that you listened to, and determine whether you would characterize the chosen composition as either the Classical or Romantic style of music. Be descriptive in your characterization by using Key Terms from your textbook in why you believe the chosen composition is Classical or Romantic.

Ludwig Van Beethoven, born Dec. 17, 1770 was a musical genius who had a significant effect on the transition between the gradual shift between the Classical and Romantic Era and was famous for his instrumental music compositions in Europe and his influence on subsequent composers generations later. His final symphony the Ninth which is also known as the Choral Symphony incorporates a vocal chorus within the track.

The Ninth Symphony is under the Romantic category and begins with a soft compelling graceful expression known as lento for slow with the tempo increasing as harmonic blends of the wind, brass, violin, cello and flute caress the air with romantic innuendo. Next, comes a quicker pace (allegro for fast), with a higher tempo giving the dramatized emotion of suspense and excitement with a low expression as if to express calm before the storm as if in triumph acknowledgement. Then at the last movement the chorus comes in as if in challenge with a fast tempo. Lastly, in the later movement comes joyous out poring of the combined chorus and ends with a finale.

Explain the key features that lead you to your conclusion.

The key features that lead me to this conclusion is that first historical fact states his preference of compositions and differentiation of Classical and Romantic music. Next, all of Beethoven’s compositions express strong emotional tones or levels in each overture which is opposite of typical Classical music that has more emphasis on formal structure.

His music is symbolically like his signature and autobiography. Further, his unique approach was spiraled by his illness which acted as a stimulus and motivator that propelled him or drove him with creativity to greatness. As in the case of tragedy this is sometimes a spur that develops untold abilities that might have been bypassed but because of this it allowed awesome developments to blossom and grow. Incorporated in each level are crescendos which vary from low to high to low to high and enable the expression of emotion and almost theatrical expression of opera.

Identify one (1) modern musician who you believe was great at one type of music yet pioneered another.

Quincy Jones, born March 14, 1933 in Chicago, Illinois is one of our most greatest and talented minds in the music industry that began his career as a jazz musician. Not only was he influential in the conducting, composing of jazz music he also became known as a icon. Him and his band (The Jones Boy (18 artists total)) traveled throughout Europe and America entertaining but due to financial woes the band dissolved.

In the year of 1964, he became vice-president of Mercury Records a position that had never been available or open to an African/Black American. In this position, he composed film scores for various movies that were not Black depictions of African/Black life. His career is enriched by the awesome musical scores, direction and assistance in hip hop and so many other types of music that the term music genre does not do justice to the awesome talent of his and the evolution and evolved nature of the African/Black music today.

Reply to co-student

I agree that his music is very evocative to producing an emotional response and carries you away on waves after waves from poignancy to drama to triumph to joy to poignancy.

I don't know if Will Smith is helping evolve another segment or category of music. If he is not then he should because he is very influential.

Thank you.

Felicia